Un paradigma storico-antropologico delle virtù per l’educazione e la cura nei contesti sanitari emergenziali di Libano e Giordania

This article advances a historical-anthropological paradigm of virtues for healthcare education and practice in emergency settings in Lebanon and Jordan, where suffering exceeds the biomedical frame and emerges as a multidimensional phenomenon (physical, psychological, social, and existential). Drawing on Medical Humanities, Narrative Medicine, and virtue ethics, it critiques the epistemic limits of conventional biomedical and training models, which remain structurally unable to grasp and integrate the complexity of lived suffering. The paradigm unfolds across three levels: ethical-dispositional (virtues as embodied practical judgment), relational-narrative (care as relationship and attentive listening), and historical-anthropological (virtues as situated configurations of humanized medicine). The model is examined through a genealogy of humanized medicine, with reference to Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza and the SALAM project (Interreg NEXT MED) in Lebanon and Jordan. It argues that this integrative framework reorients healthcare education beyond the technical procedural, toward a eutopia of care capable of sustaining dignity, trust, and hope in contexts of war and crisis.